Showing posts with label Wyoming. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Wyoming. Show all posts

Thursday, December 4, 2025

Woman allegedly transferred $26K from bank account of her elderly father who has dementia

By JONATHAN GALLARDO

A Gillette woman accused of transferring more than $26,000 from her elderly father’s bank account to her and her husband’s accounts told investigators that she only took the money because she believed her sister was doing the same thing, and because she believed she deserved something for taking care of her father.

On Nov. 24, Circuit Judge Greg Steward found probable cause to suspect Sabrina Montgomery, 54, of two counts of exploitation of a vulnerable adult and two counts of felony theft and bound her over to District Court.

Besides the transfer of the money, Montgomery also is accused of using some of the money she made from selling her father’s car to pay off her own car.

Her husband, Nathan Montgomery, had been charged in Circuit Court with one count of exploitation of a vulnerable adult and one count of felony theft. But these were dismissed because prosecutors do “not have sufficient evidence to meet its burden of proof,” according to their motion to dismiss.

Prosecutors intend to refile this matter under different law violations.

On Oct. 3, an investigator with the Sheriff’s Office met with the Department of Family Services for a report of an elderly man who was possibly being taken advantage of.

An 81-year-old man with dementia was living in the VA in Sheridan. He has two daughters, including Montgomery, and in January, she and a friend who was a notary went to Sheridan, and she had him sign over power of attorney to her. Before this, Montgomery’s sister had power of attorney.

The man has a savings account with Campco and a bank account with First National Bank. He had told Montgomery’s sister that the savings account was to be used to pay for his funeral. The First National Bank account was to be used to pay the man’s insurance and water bills.

When Montgomery became his power of attorney, the savings account was used to pay for his Verizon cellphone bill, loans on a 2018 Cadillac and a side-by-side, and any money left over was to pay for the funeral, according to court documents.

Investigators learned that on Feb. 10, Montgomery called the Sheriff’s Office and asked about retrieving his car. She claimed she needed to sell it to pay medical bills. Montgomery would later sell the car. It returned as registered to new owners on July 25.

On Feb. 7, First National Bank contacted DFS about possible elder abuse reported by Montgomery. She came into the bank and asked for access to her father and her sister’s shared bank account. She accused her sister of spending their father’s money instead of taking care of his bills. Bank staff checked the account’s activity and didn’t see anything suspicious, according to court documents.

The bank called the man, but due to his mental state he was unable to understand the questions. The VA in Sheridan told DFS that the man was likely mentally unfit to be signing a power of attorney form in January.

On Oct. 3, Montgomery’s sister met with investigators and provided them with the First National Bank account records. It only had deposits from Social Security and payments to Farmers Insurance and Wright Water. She said Montgomery refused to pay their father’s phone bill, so his Verizon account was closed, and she also said Montgomery sold their father’s Cadillac.

Without the phone bill and car payments, the only recurring cost from the savings account should be the payments on the side-by-side — $517.99 a month — and the only monthly deposit should be the VA benefits deposit, which was $3,831.30.

Montgomery’s sister said that the VA pays for all of their father’s medical bills because he is a fully disabled veteran.

Two weeks later, investigators learned that the Cadillac had been sold for $23,000.

Montgomery got power of attorney in mid-January. Starting on Jan. 27, transfers were regularly made from her father’s Campco account to her and her husband’s Campco accounts. From Jan. 27 to Oct. 17, $26,579 was transferred out of the elderly man’s account.

Investigators noticed that the car payments were not made from January through May, even though the car wasn’t sold until July. No payments on the side-by-side were made from January through August.

The DFS agent said that on Sept. 12, Montgomery sent an image of her father’s bank account showing a balance of $17,650.93. Montgomery refused to show the agent her father’s bank statements. It was on this day that $15,000 was deposited into the man’s account. Seven days later, this $15,000 was transferred to the Montgomerys’ bank accounts, along with another $1,000.

On Oct. 20, investigators were granted a search warrant for the couple’s bank accounts. On July 10, the $23,000 from the sale of the Cadillac was deposited into their accounts. Then money was withdrawn to pay off their loan on a 2019 Chevy Silverado.

There were a large number of purchases made, but none of them appeared to “support a claim of (the man’s) best interest being pursued in the spending of the money transferred from his bank account” to the Montgomerys’ accounts, the investigator wrote in the affidavit.

On Oct. 22, Montgomery met with investigators and told them that she believed her sister was stealing from their father, which is why she reported her sister to DFS. Montgomery claimed her sister was doing “questionable things” with their father’s accounts and personal items.

She said that when her father signed over the power of attorney to her, he was “kind of lucid.” She said he understood what he was doing when he signed the paperwork, and she said she was helping sell things that he didn’t need.

Montgomery said that her father doesn’t need the Cadillac because he’s in a nursing home and can’t drive. She was trying to settle his assets before he passes away because her power of attorney would no longer be valid when he’s dead. She said he was OK with her selling the car, and she sold it to a pastor who paid her $23,000 in cash for it.

Investigators told her she was being interviewed because of suspicious activity with her father’s bank account, and his car had been sold and the funds were not being spent in his best interest. Montgomery said she sold the Cadillac because she didn’t need it and she was making payments on it.

Montgomery didn’t leave a lot of money in her father’s Campco account, she said, because when he dies she’ll lose access to the account and won’t be able to pay his bills and funeral costs. Investigators asked her if she knew of anyone who wanted to take money from her father. She said no, because she was the only one with access to her account.

She said it wouldn’t help her and her husband to take money from her father because, “I hate to be braggy, but we make enough money,” according to the affidavit.

Of the $23,000 from the sale of the Cadillac, about $10,095 was used to pay off the loans. There was a payment of $12,052.14, which went to Montgomery’s personal truck. When confronted about this, Montgomery said it probably wasn’t the right thing to do and that she could pay back the money.

Investigators then brought up the $26,579 that had been transferred to the Montgomerys’ bank accounts. She said if she had to, she could pay it back over time but not in one lump sum.

When asked if her husband knew about this, Montgomery said he didn’t know about the $26,579 transfer because he doesn’t look at their bank records, but he was aware of the Cadillac money being used to pay off their personal vehicle loan. She alleged that her husband said they might as well do that because the state would take that money when her father passes away.

Montgomery told investigators that she took the money because she believed her sister was doing the same thing. According to the affidavit, she said she was “pissed” that her sister had access to a separate bank account with what she believed was $50,000 of their father’s money. Montgomery accused her sister of going on trips to New York with the money.

When her mother died, Montgomery didn’t receive a lot of money, and her father didn’t have a will, and she was upset that her sister received so much money. She said she felt like she deserved something for taking care of her father.

Montgomery said she knew what she did was wrong but maintained that she never would have gotten into trouble if her sister hadn’t reported concerns to law enforcement. 

Full Article & Source:
Woman allegedly transferred $26K from bank account of her elderly father who has dementia 

Wednesday, November 26, 2025

Nursing home worker accused of binding resident’s head to bed

By Shore News Network


Casper, WY Julie Ann Cross, a 50-year-old nursing home employee, is facing serious allegations of abusing a patient by tying the resident’s head to a bed. The incident reportedly took place at a NOWCAP facility on July 14.

Cross has been charged with one count of felony intentional abuse or neglect of a vulnerable adult and one count of misdemeanor false imprisonment. She appeared in Natrona County District Court on Thursday and pleaded not guilty, with a judge releasing her on a $5,000 personal recognizance bond.

The alleged incident was discovered by a morning shift manager, who found a 53-year-old woman with her head tied down using a blue silk scarf. The employee intervened after realizing the situation and noted that the scarf took at least five minutes to remove.

Another staff member took photos of the knot Cross reportedly used to secure the patient’s head. When confronted, Cross suggested the scarf’s purpose was to prevent the resident from moving during the night.

In response to questions, Cross remarked that the resident’s hair was matted and had an odor. Cross was reportedly dismissed from her position shortly after the incident.

After the incident, Cross told police that the scarf was intended to keep the resident’s hair in a ponytail. She later stated it had somehow wrapped around the bed.

Her court appearance on Thursday confirmed her dismissal from the facility following the allegations. 

Full Article & Source:
Nursing home worker accused of binding resident’s head to bed 

Wednesday, June 4, 2025

Wyoming Senator Co-Sponsors Mental Health for Elderly Bill


A new bipartisan bill in Congress aims to make it easier for people on Medicare to access mental health services.

Wyoming Senator John Barrasso is one of the two sponsors. Senator Chris Coons, a Democrat from Delaware, is the other. The bipartisan legislation, called the Expanding Seniors Access to Mental Health Services Act, was introduced in Congress on May 15. The legislation would improve access to licensed clinical social workers for people on Medicare.

Senator Barrasso said in a statement last month that mental health services for seniors is vital. “For those living in rural communities, finding a mental health provider is challenging.” The senator said the bipartisan bill is designed to “help more patients get the care they need.”

According to the Kaiser Family Foundation, about one in every five Americans aged 65 and older reported having symptoms of anxiety and depression in February 2023. Many do not receive care.

Senator Coon said in a statement that the bill “fixes … rules and expands Medicare coverage to allow social workers to provide the best care to seniors when they need it most.”

The National Association of Social Workers supports the bill.

Full Article & Source:
Wyoming Senator Co-Sponsors Mental Health for Elderly Bill 

Monday, September 18, 2023

Casper Caretaker Charged with Exploiting Elderly Woman, Stealing Large Sums of Money


A Casper woman appeared in Natrona County Circuit Court before Judge Nichole Collier on Tuesday, Sep. 12.

Back in July of 2021 investigators became aware of a possible exploitation case.

The alleged victim, a 60 year woman with a debilitating and fatal disease, reported being taken advantage of by her neighbor. 

A year prior, court records indicate that Christine Ann Reynolds offered the woman assistance, volunteering to help with things like grocery shopping and taking her to the doctor.

With permission, Reynolds had access to the woman's debit card, a key to her home, and her vehicle. Eventually the two agreed that Reynolds would be compensated for her assistance; records say the woman agreed to pay Reynolds' rent and cell phone bill.

In December 2020, the woman was admitted to Wyoming Medical Center for nearly a month due to her illness. After being discharged, she began to examine her finances. That's when she says she noticed several unauthorized charges to her debit card:

12/10/2020 Walmart - $71.69

12/12/2020 Walgreens - $37.77

12/16/2020 Dominos Pizza - $16.25

12/17/2020 Petco - $216.48

12/20/2020 N Style Nails - $45.00

12/23/2020 InstaCart - $41.47

12/23/2020 McDonalds - $5.34

12/23/2020 ATM (cash) - $80.00

12/23/2020 Petco - $34.62

12/24/2020 Homax - $12.88

12/24/2020 Homax - $24.09

Investigators began to look at other periods where the victim was in the hospital for long stays and noticed correlations between those dates and other unauthorized charges made using her debit card.

The charges continued well into 2021, adding up to $3,636.79.

Records show that investigators tried to contact Reynolds multiple times but were unsuccessful.

A warrant was issued for Reynolds on January 26, 2022, but she was not taken into custody until this week.

She is being charged with exploiting a vulnerable adult and grand theft; both are felonies punishable by up to 10 years in prison.

The judge set bond at $30,000 cash or surety for the first charge and $20,000 cash or surety for the second.

Reynolds' preliminary hearing is set for Sep. 21 at 10:00 a.m. in the Natrona County Townsend Justice Center.

Full Article & Source:
Casper Caretaker Charged with Exploiting Elderly Woman, Stealing Large Sums of Money

Thursday, September 7, 2023

Gaps in legal system put vulnerable adults at risk

by Shelby Kruse


SHERIDAN — While Sheridan County residents have an established record of reporting suspected cases of elder abuse, according to Sheridan Police Dept. Capt. Tom Ringley, gaps in the legal system can make it difficult to find probable cause in reported cases.

Carmen Rideout, executive director of The Hub on Smith, said The Hub has contracts with the Department of Family Services to ensure vulnerable adults are connected with the resources and services they need. Still, gaps in the legal system make it possible for some to slip through the cracks, Rideout said, even when those cases of potential elder abuse are reported.

“Our [legal] definition of what a vulnerable adult is and what can be considered abuse is pretty limited. … People have the right to make decisions for themselves, and be as independent and autonomous as possible. When other people are concerned about them, there’s only so much that DFS and law enforcement can do,” Rideout said. “They’re working within their scope.”

Ringley said SPD has investigated 31 reports of elder abuse since the start of 2015. Of these 31 reports, 11 were determined to be unfounded and only one of the 31 cases was sent to the county attorney’s office for charges.

“We highly encourage reporting of [elder abuse], but it may not end up fitting the statutes,” Ringley said. “‘Unfounded’ doesn’t mean that there were no injuries or no circumstances deemed worthy of investigation, it’s just that the investigation revealed that there was no violation of the law.”

Ringley said elder abuse can come in many different forms, from the more obvious physical abuse to various forms of neglect and financial exploitation. A common theme in cases of potential elder abuse reported to SPD, Ringley said, is vulnerable adults being cared for by family members who may get overwhelmed and are financially unable to pursue assisted living as an option.

“It is very difficult to care for a vulnerable adult. Whether the care is being provided at home, in a hospital setting, by family members or in an assisted living facility, by definition, a vulnerable adult is one who cannot take care of themselves,” Ringley said. “We think Sheridan does a good job of reporting any time they think people have been exploited or neglected or abused, but we haven’t observed probable cause except in one case.”

Associate State Director of AARP Wyoming Thomas Lacock said efforts to address elder abuse across the state have increased over the past year. During the 2023 legislative session, AARP supported a bill proposed to combat financial abuse of vulnerable adults by allowing banks or credit unions to place five-day holds on transactions that may be fraudulent.

Also within the past year, the Wyoming Legislature’s Management Council has formed the Mental Health and Vulnerable Adult Task Force, made up of senators, representatives and staff from the Wyoming Departments of Health, Education and Family Services.

According to a report by DFS, efforts carried out across the state to protect vulnerable adults include improving the Adult Protective Services program website to make it more accessible and the implementation of a focused advertising campaign to educate the public on what constitutes elder abuse.

Alongside collaborating with DFS, The Hub on Smith partners with SPD to provide local seniors with education on topics like scams to help protect them against potential financial exploitation. Two key parts of addressing local elder abuse, Rideout said, are education and looking out for one another.

“Our county has a significant percentage of older adults and the best thing that can happen is if everybody just keeps their eyes open,” Rideout said. “Look out for your neighbor and your friends and your family. Make sure everybody’s doing OK.”

Full Article & Source:
Gaps in legal system put vulnerable adults at risk

Thursday, August 31, 2023

Defendant in exploitation case rearrested

By CJ Baker

While facing criminal allegations that she financially exploited an elderly woman, Victoria L. Hertz Ruelas was ordered to have no contact with the alleged victim. However, authorities say Hertz instead resumed living with the woman in Powell and took her on multiple trips out of state.

At a Friday hearing, a prosecutor asserted that Hertz had committed a “flagrant violation” of her prior bond conditions. Meanwhile, her defense attorney suggested it was a misunderstanding amid a complicated case that was previously dismissed.

Park County Circuit Court Judge Joey Darrah ultimately raised Hertz’s bond to $5,000 cash or surety, which was up from a signature bond. After spending roughly two days in jail, the 42-year-old made bail on Saturday and was released pending further proceedings.

The felony charge of exploitation of a vulnerable adult stems from Hertz’s time working as a CNA at an assisted living facility in Cody, where she helped care for the 88-year-old resident at the center of the case. The Park County Attorney’s Office alleges that Hertz abused her position to borrow $12,000 from the woman and ultimately have the resident move in with her.

While working night shifts at Absaroka Senior Living, the CNA reportedly spent extensive amounts of time with the woman. The woman’s son later told police that he believed Hertz had tugged at the woman’s heartstrings and crossed ethical lines to get the loans, which were indefinite.

Last spring, the woman announced her intention to move in with Hertz. Cody Police Detective Rick Tillery said the woman was set to pay Hertz $800 a month in rent while helping to cover the cost of some improvements and food.

Absaroka Senior Living fired Hertz for violating company policies and barred her from the facility in May, Tillery said. The detective and the woman’s son felt Hertz’s split-level home on Powell’s Eighth Street was ill-suited for her walker, but despite their opposition, she moved in with Hertz.

Prosecutors filed the exploitation charge in June, but Darrah dismissed it later that month. While indicating that he saw Hertz’s alleged conduct as concerning, the judge said he didn’t think it broke the law, as the elderly woman didn’t meet the definition of a vulnerable adult. In his view, the Wyoming statute only applies to adults who can’t manage their affairs as a result of a disability, and the alleged victim is fully competent.

Darrah added that he thought the Legislature probably meant to address situations like this and that dismissing the case was “not an easy decision.”

Deputy Park County Attorney Jack Hatfield quickly refiled the charge with the intent of making another attempt at clearing a preliminary hearing. At a July court appearance, Hertz was released on a $5,000 signature bond — meaning she wasn’t required to post any money — and given orders to have no contact with the elderly woman. 

During the July 7 hearing, Hertz mentioned that the woman wanted to speak to the judge, but given the no contact order, Darrah cautioned that, “I think you need to work through your attorney to get that accomplished.”

However, just 10 days later, Tillery received a report that Hertz had traveled to South Dakota. About a week later, Tillery received a third-hand report that a hairdresser believed the woman’s health was deteriorating. 

The detective and personnel from the Department of Family Services were unable to contact the woman over the next couple of weeks. Tillery ultimately pinged the woman’s phone on Aug. 9 and used the location data to find the woman living with Hertz at a multi-level rental on North Ingalls Street.

Hertz appeared to be “totally dependent on … the victim in this case, for complete and total financial support,” Tillery later reported in an affidavit, “which is precisely the core reason for this bond condition and the ability to provide additional protection of the victim in this case.”

Hatfield filed to revoke Hertz’s bond on Aug. 11, asking that she also be ordered to forfeit $5,000 to the state. Hertz was arrested Thursday and appeared in court Friday.

“Ms. Hertz is not even remotely complying with this court’s order,” Hatfield argued, expressing concern that Hertz’s home “is wholly unsuitable” for the elderly woman.

Hertz’s defense attorney, however, said “there may have been some confusion” about the bond conditions given that the initial charge was dismissed.

“I do know that this case has been somewhat complicated because [the elderly woman] has expressed the desire to have contact [with Hertz], and so I think that is sort of a complicating factor,” public defender Sarah Miles added. “But ultimately the bond condition is what it is and my client is not to have contact. And hopefully she understands that clearly at this point in time.”

A bond revocation hearing is tentatively scheduled for Thursday, with another preliminary hearing set for Sept. 29.

Full Article & Source:
Defendant in exploitation case rearrested

Tuesday, August 15, 2023

Proposal Would Allow Civil Lawsuits For Abusing Vulnerable Adults In Wyoming

A Wyoming legislative task force has drafted a bill that would open the state’s civil courts to pursuing justice for exploiting vulnerable adults.

by Leo Wolfson

Wyoming state Sen. Eric Barlow, R-Gillette, is pushing a bill that would expand remedies for vulnerable adults to being able to file civil lawsuits. (Matt Idler for Cowboy State Daily)

A bill will be considered in the 2024 Wyoming legislative session to expand protections for vulnerable adults.

The Mental Health and Vulnerable Adult Task Force has passed draft legislation that allows people to file civil lawsuits against those believed to have exploited vulnerable adults.

If successful, the bill would greatly expand on current Wyoming laws, which now only provide for criminal prosecution for people who exploit or mistreat vulnerable adults.

Sen. Eric Barlow, R-Gillette, a member of the task force helping spearhead the bill, told Cowboy State Daily the law would bring more accountability and protection for vulnerable adults in Wyoming. 

“It’s a means of accountability and another means of really allowing people who are exploited, for whatever reason, to seek justice,” he said. 

Vulnerable adults frequently face financial exploitation, victims of theft of sometimes very large sums of money.

Barlow, who has friends who have fallen victim to these types of schemes, believes the bill will deter those who are considering taking advantage of a vulnerable adult and more effectively punish those who already have.

Filling A Void

Under current Wyoming law, reckless abuse, neglect, abandonment, intimidation or exploitation of a vulnerable adult is a misdemeanor charge punishable by up to a year in jail, a fine up to $1,000 and registration of the offender's name in a central registry.

The new bill, Vulnerable Adults-Civil Cause of Action, would allow people to take others to civil court themselves for cases where state prosecutors were unable to file criminal charges, or even if charges were filed, still fall short in the eyes of those exploited.

“I think it’s citizens being able to utilize the courts to ensure they are being protected,” Barlow said.

Task Force member Sen. Tara Nethercott, R-Cheyenne, said during a Wednesday meeting that law enforcement often doesn’t have the tools or resources at its disposal to bring criminal charges for the exploitation of vulnerable adults.

She believes the bill will empower Wyoming residents and the state’s vulnerable adults and produce better results for them and their families.

“I think there’s a gap in the law as far as providing this type of piece,” Nethercott said. “Now we’re providing an avenue for that to occur in a very meaningful way.”

Serial Offenders

Barlow said many of the people who exploit vulnerable adults, a demographic that can range anywhere from younger adults with developmental issues to physically disabled seniors, are serial offenders. 

“The lack of prosecution allows them to go back and take advantage of another person,” he said.

Although Barlow said exploitation is usually limited to acts of financial theft, there are other examples of vulnerable adults being compromised in other ways such as unjustly sent to a senior home or people taking advantage of a vulnerable adult’s property.

The issue of vulnerable adult exploitation has been on the Legislature’s radar since at least 2017, when it was identified by a previous task force. Barlow said he was informed by Department of Family Services staff there were 155 cases of exploited vulnerable adults in Wyoming over the last several years, a statistic limited to instances where criminal charges were filed

“It’s another tool in the tool box of people helping themselves or helping their loved ones,” he said.

What Does It Do?

Under the law, a vulnerable adult would be eligible for actual and punitive damages if found deserving by a court.

As written, the bill only allows for a civil action to be brought by the vulnerable adult, that person's guardian or conservator, or by the personal representative of the estate of a deceased vulnerable adult. 

Nethercott questions whether it’s unusual to require a personal representative of the estate of a deceased vulnerable adult to be dead for charges to be brought by that person. She said complications can sometimes arise in cases where a victim isn’t available to testify.

“I do anticipate that being a problem if this bill moves forward and passes and comes into law,” she said.

Rep. Dan Zwonitzer, R-Cheyenne, also pointed to a potential flaw in the bill in that a guardian or conservator could be the one causing the abuse in the first place. He suggested a wider range of people who could pursue civil action.

He also said there is ambiguity about the term “malicious” as far as specific intent to exploit, because the word is not specifically defined under Wyoming law. Barlow suggested removing the word from the bill entirely. 

There is a large list of people who are eligible to bring claims of abuse against a vulnerable adult in Wyoming, including themselves if deemed mentally competent.

The bill now covers any form of exploitation and allows for reimbursement of legal fees.

What’s Next?

The bill was unanimously approved by the task force and will be sent to a standing interim committee to be considered this fall for sponsorship. If a standing committee doesn’t take up the bill, Barlow said he will sponsor the legislation individually and feels confident it will pass into law.

The only pushback the bill may face is from those who believe the current exploitation laws are sufficient and worry that adding more legal avenues could discourage people from assisting vulnerable adults in the first place.

A separate bill establishing required cross-reporting between law enforcement and the Department of Family Services for discovery of vulnerable adults will be presented to the Judiciary Committee in September.

Full Article & Source:
Proposal Would Allow Civil Lawsuits For Abusing Vulnerable Adults In Wyoming

Friday, May 26, 2023

Wyoming AARP Advises Seniors Of Scams Involving A.I. Voice Cloning


Scammers are adept at manipulating the latest technological advances to commit their crimes.

These days it’s happening in the world of artificial intelligence – commonly known as A.I.

A.I. voice cloning is already bringing a new twist to scams that have been around forever.

For instance, the grandparent scam calls now can feature the actual voice of the loved one the criminal is impersonating.

These tactics are startling, but the ways we protect ourselves haven’t changed.

The first sign of any fraud attempt is when an unexpected contact causes an immediate emotional reaction – often fear, panic, or excitement.

Maybe training our brains to disengage when we feel that emotional surge could be the best way to disrupt the criminal act.

Otherwise, stay updated on the latest fraud tactics by Clicking here.

Know that anytime you are asked to address some urgent financial matter with a gift card, cryptocurrency or peer-to-peer payment app, it’s a scam.

More than 369,000 incidents of financial abuse targeting older adults are reported to authorities in the U.S. each year, causing an estimated $4.8 billion in losses.

And those numbers likely understate the problem considerably.

However, as we approach World Elder Abuse Awareness Day on June 15th, it’s good to remember that there are things we can do to stop elder financial exploitation.

Encourage your loved one to designate someone they trust to help them with financial decisions.

The federal government’s Eldercare Locator can help you find free or low-cost legal assistance.

Suggest they add a trusted contact for their financial institutions if they are unreachable or if questionable activity is detected.

A trusted contact is not able to make transactions, but the financial institution can disclose some account information to them. 

Also, watch out for someone — even someone you thought you or your loved one could trust — who discourages contact with family and friends, exerts pressure on financial decisions or asks for large sums of money. 

Most importantly, financial exploitation is a crime and should be reported to your local police or Sheriff or even to 911.

Be a fraud fighter!  If you can spot a scam, you can stop a scam.

Full Article & Source:
Wyoming AARP Advises Seniors Of Scams Involving A.I. Voice Cloning

Thursday, February 16, 2023

Legislature passes bill designed to protect vulnerable adults’ finances

Senate File 24, a measure to help safeguard vulnerable adults from financial exploitation, was passed Tuesday in the Wyoming Legislature. It now heads to Gov. Mark Gordon for consideration.
Michael Smith/For the Wyoming Tribune Eagle

by Jasmine Hall 

CHEYENNE — Vulnerable adults may be better protected from financial exploitation following the passage of Senate File 24 in the Wyoming Legislature.

State representatives voted down two amendments to the bill Tuesday before approving it 36-25-1 on third reading in the second chamber. Senate President Ogden Driskill, R-Devils Tower, signed the legislation later in the day, and it will now head to Gov. Mark Gordon’s desk for consideration.

The bill authorizes banks to put a five-day temporary hold on potentially fraudulent transactions, which gives them the time to investigate whether any asset is being coerced or wrongfully taken from vulnerable adults. This could be through obtaining control of the assets or property or converting them to “deprive the other person of ownership, use, or benefit of possession of the property.”

“It’s just the individual suspicious transaction that might get flagged and interrupted,” said House Judiciary Committee Chairman Art Washut, R-Casper, during the third reading debate. “As we balance the protection of our seniors and our vulnerable adults with individual liberty concerns, by reducing this bill from what it once was, 14 days, down to five days, I think we’ve really come pretty close to finding that sweet spot for the proper balance between protection and liberty.”

If the financial institution believes there to be an issue based on evidence, they can report the incident to Adult Protection Services to further look into it. The division of the Wyoming Department of Family Services provides social case work or assistance to vulnerable adults and elders who are eligible.

The state agency can inform law enforcement, as well as ensure the money or property stays in the hands of the owner that may have been taken advantage of.

Banks would also be provided immunity from civil liability in SF 24, unless the institution acted in bad faith or for malicious purposes. They are responsible for protecting the confidentiality of personal finance records, but the legislation allows them to share information regarding the exploitation to a third party such as DFS.

This was the final version passed without changes through the House, but there were two amendments brought forward by Reps. Tony Locke, R-Casper, and Christopher Knapp, R-Gillette, that weren’t approved. One would have required the bank to notify the party of the unusual transaction before they hold it or report it to DFS, and the other required specified “documentation of when customers of financial institutions qualify as vulnerable adults.”

Neither passed, and criticisms of the two amendments were heard on the floor. Some said the first would dilute the power of the bill and might inform the perpetrator the banks were concerned, and creating documentation of vulnerable adults in the system may have led to further complications or dangers in the second amendment.

“You can potentially become a vulnerable adult fairly quickly. If someone has a stroke, or other health care issues that happen, (they) could happen right now,” said Rep. Karlee Provenza, D-Laramie. “Then, what do we do for folks that then are going to try to cash in on what they might consider an opportunity if they haven’t gone in and figured out that they’re vulnerable at that point?”

Full Article & Source:
Legislature passes bill designed to protect vulnerable adults’ finances

Sunday, February 12, 2023

House debates financial exploitation protections for vulnerable adults

by Jasmine Hall

Reps. Barry Crago, R-Buffalo, and Lane Allred, R-Afton, talk before the morning session Jan. 25 in the House chamber. On Thursday, legislation passed an initial vote that would protect Wyoming’s vulnerable adults from financial exploitation.


CHEYENNE — Legislation that would protect vulnerable adults from financial exploitation passed an initial vote in the House on Thursday but still divided the chamber in the Committee of the Whole.

State representatives in opposition to Senate File 24 questioned the mechanics of the bill — from how and why the Wyoming Department of Family Services would investigate exploitation to whether banks would be guaranteed immunity if they were involved in fraud.

“My understanding is that we’re depending on the institution, financial institutions, to make these decisions as to whether something needs to be looked into or not,” asked Rep. John Bear, R-Gillette. “Are they qualified to make that decision and then escalate it to where we have the state department get involved?”

Inquiries such as these led to nearly an hour of debate and explanation, despite the bill being sponsored by the Joint Judiciary Committee and lawmakers saying it was backed by extensive work done in the interim session.

Rep. Ember Oakley, R-Riverton, a member of the House Judiciary Committee, presented the bill and pushed for its approval. She told representatives SF 24 sets up rules and a procedure to allow banks to put a five-day temporary hold on potentially fraudulent transactions, under which they can investigate and report the incident to Adult Protection Services if necessary.

Adult Protection Services is an agency under DFS that provides services for vulnerable adults or elders who are eligible, such as social case work, home care, physical evaluations, emergency shelter and assistance obtaining guardianship. They would receive the report and could further look into it or involve law enforcement when warranted.

Financial institutions are still responsible for protecting the confidentiality of personal financial records, which is why there is an immunity clause included in the bill.

In order to notify the Adult Protection Services of any concerns, the banks would be provided immunity from civil liability for sharing banking information to a third party. But the bill does add provisions in the immunity clause in case a qualified person or financial institution acted in bad faith or for a malicious purpose.

Oakley said this type of legislation has been considered and implemented in 34 other states, and both financial institutions and constituents have asked for the legislation to provide financial protection..

“The banks have no tools to do this. It is against the law for them to hold our account without this piece of legislation,” said Rep. Barry Crago, R-Buffalo, another lawmaker who sits on the Joint Judiciary Committee. “And so they’re really coming to us saying, ‘Hey, this is something we can do for our folks back home to protect them, and especially those that can’t protect themselves.’”

Committee members heard testimony from those who have experienced financial loss and tragedies, including a woman who signed over power of attorney to her daughter when she was going to have surgery. Her daughter took an extensive amount of unauthorized assets, and the resident said she would have been protected by a bill like SF 24 because all of her and her husband’s transactions are routine.

The Riverton lawmaker added federal reports revealed Wyomingites were the victims of fraud “to the tune of about $7.8 million in 2021.”

House Speaker Albert Sommers, R-Pinedale, shared his own findings that brought up emotions. He spoke in favor of the bill, despite being a past opponent, and said the director of a program that addresses sexual assault and violence told him about an adult who was living in dog feces while the people in the house were spending the victim’s money on drugs.

“You’re going to say we can’t go down a path of trying something,” Sommers pushed near the end of the debate. “What we do is try things. If we screw up, we’ll fix it. That’s what we do.”

It was also mentioned that while agencies and law enforcement can be notified after a case of exploitation or fraud, there is still nothing that can be done to get the money back. This is why representatives argued prevention was the best tactic, because banks can “stop the tragedy before it takes place.”

The monitoring would also not be random or directed at all adults deemed “vulnerable” by the financial institutions.

The bill has strict definitions of vulnerable adults under Wyoming statute, meaning “any person 18 years of age or older who is unable to manage and take care of himself or his money, assets or property without assistance as a result of advanced age or physical or mental disability.”

There is also clarity on what financial exploitation means in the bill, spanning from “wrongful or unauthorized taking, withholding, appropriation or use of the money” to obtaining control of funds “through deception, intimidation, fraud, or undue influence.” And when the financial institution suspects an action such as this on a vulnerable adult’s assets, property or account, it is only the transaction and not the account, that is held.

“That’s a valuable trade-off that protects the vulnerable people who are literally losing everything,” said House Judiciary Committee Chairman Art Washut, R-Casper.

Full Article & Source:
House debates financial exploitation protections for vulnerable adults

Monday, November 14, 2022

Committee backs bill requiring banks to report suspected exploitation

By Hannah Black

The Wyoming State Capitol Building stands tall Wednesday, Feb. 23, 2022.


CHEYENNE — A Wyoming legislative committee will support a bill aimed at protecting vulnerable adults from financial exploitation — something stakeholders testified is a big issue.

The Legislature’s Joint Judiciary Committee on Thursday voted to sponsor a bill that would require those in leadership positions at financial institutions to report suspected exploitation of vulnerable adults to their institution. Institutions would then provide a report to the Wyoming Department of Family Services. (An amendment added that a report was only required “if warranted.”)

Individual institutions may also enact policies that require them to report the suspected exploitation to law enforcement or another state or federal agency.

The committee passed an amendment lowering the maximum number of days a financial institution could place a hold on a transaction where exploitation is suspected.

Rep. Barry Crago, R-Buffalo, proposed a five-day limit, rather than the 10-day limit written into the draft bill.

Under the bill’s language, an additional 30-day hold could be placed on such a transaction within that initial five-day period, if requested by the investigating state, federal or law enforcement agency.

Tom Lacock, AARP Wyoming’s associate state director for communications and state advocacy, said 34 states had already passed similar legislation.

Lacock said an AARP study released last month showed that “the rate of financial exploitation targeting older adults has more than doubled since the start of the pandemic.”

“That’s likely a pretty small estimate, given the fact that we figure about one out of every 44 older adults actually reports the exploitation – those numbers go down when it’s someone that they feel like they trust and know,” Lacock said.

That same report “emphasizes the proven effectiveness of freezing or delaying or rejecting suspicious transactions to prevent theft before it occurs.”

DFS Director Korin Schmidt said the proposed legislation “would be helpful in order for us to be able to better respond quickly to suspected financial exploitation.”

Schmidt said the agency’s ongoing concern is that money taken from these vulnerable adults “gets out the door faster” than they can do anything about it.

Scott Meier, president and CEO of the Wyoming Bankers Association, said his organization supports the bill.

Full Article & Source:
Committee backs bill requiring banks to report suspected exploitation

Sunday, October 30, 2022

Local attorney suspended for three years

By Hannah Black

Cody Jerabek

CHEYENNE – The Wyoming Supreme Court on Wednesday issued an order suspending Cheyenne attorney Cody Jerabek from practicing law for three years. The suspension begins Nov. 1.

This came after misconduct by Jerabek in litigation involving a client who was being sued following a fire at that client’s business that damaged adjoining businesses, a Wyoming State Bar news release accompanying the order said. In a separate instance, he had a consensual sexual relationship with a client while continuing to represent her.

The attorney told the Wyoming Tribune Eagle he is “appreciative for the resources that I received” through the Wyoming Lawyer Assistance Program. The organization “provides confidential assistance to Wyoming lawyers who are struggling with impairment issues,” according to its website.

“The suspension and the tools that I’ve been given will hopefully allow (me) to take this time to improve and come back a better person and attorney,” Jerabek said.

In the issue involving the fire litigation, which took place in 2021, Jerabek “failed to maintain communication with his client and with the client’s insurer and missed several deadlines in the case, including deadlines to file responses to two critical motions,” according the bar’s release. Jerabek also “misled the insurance company regarding case developments and failed to communicate settlement offers to the client and the insurer.”

He was ultimately terminated as counsel, and another attorney was hired “who shortly got the case settled.”

Jerabek admitted to violating several rules of professional conduct and agreed to a three-year suspension. The state bar’s Board of Professional Responsibility, which reviews disciplinary cases against legal practitioners in the state and recommends consequences to the Supreme Court, considered “a number of aggravating and mitigating factors, including Jerabek’s sustained and successful efforts at recovery from alcohol use disorder and other psychological problems” in making the recommendation.

The court ordered Jerabek to pay a $750 administrative fee and $50 to the bar.

A concurrent order was also issued by the state’s high court suspending Jerabek for 18 months for an intimate relationship with a client. Jerabek also failed “to withdraw from the client’s representation promptly upon entering into the sexual relationship,” and told that client “to conceal evidence of the relationship,” according to the news release.

That client submitted a complaint regarding the incident to the Office of Bar Counsel in May 2021, following the relationship’s end, the order said.

Jerabek admitted to these violations and agreed to this suspension. He was also ordered by the court to pay a $750 administrative fee and $50 to the bar.

He recently worked as both a personal injury and criminal defense lawyer.

Jerabek was formerly a prosecutor with the Albany County Attorney’s Office. In September 2019, the Supreme Court overturned a rape conviction because of “prosecutorial misconduct” within that office, which it said deprived the defendant, Travis Bogard, of a fair trial. The high court in part cited statements Jerabek made during Bogard’s trial, according to reporting from the time by the the WTE-affiliated Laramie Boomerang.

Full Article & Source:
Local attorney suspended for three years

Thursday, May 5, 2022

DA Manlove objects to disbarment recommendation

By Hannah Black

Laramie County District Attorney Leigh Anne Manlove continues to fight a disciplinary recommendation that she be disbarred.

CHEYENNE – The Laramie County District Attorney has formally objected to a disciplinary panel’s recommendation to the Wyoming Supreme Court that she be disbarred. She argued that, except in one instance, the panel did not have the “clear and convincing evidence” required to show she violated professional conduct rules for attorneys in the state.

In a document filed with the state’s high court Tuesday, DA Leigh Anne Manlove and her attorney, Stephen Melchior, asserted that, even if the court did decide she violated rules, appropriate sanctions under American Bar Association standards would be things like “private reprimand” and “public censure.” Manlove rejected an argument that disbarment would not remove her from her elected position as DA, calling it “illogical.”

“Suspending or revoking the (Laramie County District Attorney’s) license to practice law while they are in office would effectively remove them from their elected position by disabling their legal authority to act as the (district attorney),” the response said.

The state Supreme Court oversees the Wyoming State Bar and its Board of Professional Responsibility, from which a three-person disciplinary hearing panel was chosen. The BPR is the hearing body for attorney discipline in the state.

The court will ultimately decide what consequences Manlove will face. This process may take several months.

Bar Counsel Mark Gifford declined to comment on Manlove’s response.

Formal charges filed by the Office of Bar Counsel last year with the State Bar alleged Manlove had mishandled the prosecution of cases and inappropriately dismissed certain cases, and that she created a hostile work environment.

Following the conclusion of the hearing, the panel announced Feb. 11 that it would recommend Manlove be disbarred, or lose her ability to practice law in Wyoming, for violating six rules of professional conduct. It filed its formal recommendation with the Supreme Court on March 11.

These rules were found to be: Rule 1.1, duty of competence; 1.3, duty of diligence; 3.3(a), duty of candor to the tribunal; 3.4©, duty to follow rules of the tribunal; 8.1(a), material false statements in a disciplinary proceeding; and 8.4(d), which says, “It is professional misconduct for a lawyer to engage in conduct that is prejudicial to the administration of justice.”

The report also recommended Manlove be required to pay an administrative fee of $3,000.

In her response, Manlove rebuked the choice by the BPR and Office of Bar Counsel to hold the eight-day hearing at “the lovely and luxurious” Little America Hotel & Resort in Cheyenne, accusing the BPR and OBC of “sparing no expense” on meals and beverages.

“The Office of Bar Counsel’s willingness to expend (State Bar) resources in this way is outrageous, and no doubt done with full confidence and expectation that Manlove would be reimbursing (the Bar) in the end,” the response said.

The state Supreme Court has discretion over whether Manlove is responsible for reimbursing the Bar more than $91,000 in total for costs associated with the hearing and investigation.

The largest portion by far was $64,635.75 for lodging, meals, meeting space and use of audio/visual equipment. The Wyoming Room, the ballroom in which the disciplinary hearing was held, cost $1,200 each day – except for the two Fridays the ballroom was used, when the price increased to $2,600.

Manlove noted the “extraordinary” toll the almost year-and-a-half proceedings took on her life, and that the more than $91,000 requested for reimbursement doesn’t include more than a year of legal defense fees and costs.

Disregard of witnesses

Manlove also said the BPR panel “markedly discounted the testimony of Manlove and her witnesses,” and “gave full credence to to (Special Bar Counsel Weston W. Reeves’) witnesses but expressed distrust of Manlove and her legal assistant, Lisa Riggs.”

The DA rejected the panel finding she was “combative” and “defiant” during the hearing, as Manlove had been “under attack for more than a year by the time the hearing took place and was there to defend herself,” the response said.

Manlove added that she had taken responsibility, long before any formal charges, for failing to produce evidence in a timely manner in a 2019 case involving the defendant Rodney Law. She said this is the only allegation for which the panel has clear and convincing evidence.

“Manlove also apologized and took responsibility for her perceived harsh treatment of certain employees,” the response said.

She also reiterated arguments made in previous responses and during the hearing that she did not act improperly in her attempts to deal with proposed budget cuts by the state, or in her discretion to fire or hire certain attorneys and other staff members at the beginning of her tenure.She also asserted thatThe DA said there was no evidence to support the assertion that she’d directed cases to be dismissed because she wasn’t prepared to go to trial.

The panel discounted testimony by employees who did not support the allegation that Manlove fostered a chaotic or toxic work environment, the response said, while finding testimony that supported that allegation credible.

Contemporaneous notes by former office manager Amanda Santee were “improperly admitted,” following an objection by Melchior, Manlove’s attorney, that they only consisted of hearsay statements, according to the response.Manlove reiterated an assertion she testified to, that “she has multiple reasons to believe she is/has been the target of person animus of Mark Gifford, Bar Counsel.”

Contrary to the panel’s findings, there was “ample testimony” that a former deputy DA, Caitlin Harper, “had an interest in seeing Ms. Manlove removed from office” so she herself could take the position. Harper was the only person who spoke to a few Laramie County judges about alleged dysfunction in the DA’s office, save for a comment by former attorney Cameron Geeting that the office was “hostile and not working for me,” according to the response.

Gifford then seemed to solicit the assistance of Harper and other either former or soon-to-be-former employees to gather information on Manlove.

Manlove wrote that, rather than bring concerns she’d heard from Harper to her directly, Laramie County District Judge Catherine Rogers and other judges decided to write a letter to Gifford. He used the letter, “prepared (by the seven Laramie County judges) with the encouragement and guidance of Mr. Gifford” as the basis of a petition filed a day after with the Supreme Court to immediately suspend Manlove, the response said. The court denied that petition.

Full Article & Source:

Tuesday, March 15, 2022

Panel Report: Laramie County DA Manlove Not Competent, Should Be Disbarred


By Jim Angell, Cowboy State Daily

Laramie County’s district attorney has failed to competently carry out the duties of her office and has consistently blamed that failure on others, according to a report issued by the group that oversees attorneys.

The Board of Professional Responsibility said in its formal report on the February hearing of Leigh Anne Manlove that her actions have hurt the cause of justice in Laramie County, leading to its recommendation to the Wyoming Supreme Court that she be barred from practicing law.

“Considering the broad range of Ms. Manlove’s misconduct and its impact upon the administration of criminal justice in Laramie County, the hearing panel finds that the presumptive discipline … is disbarment,” said the report, which was released Friday. 

“Ms. Manlove’s course of conduct clearly demonstrates that she does not understand the most fundamental legal doctrines or procedures, and such conduct caused serious injury to the administration of criminal justice in Laramie County,” the report added.

The hearing stemmed from formal complaints filed against Manlove by the Office of Bar Counsel, the individual charged with looking into allegations against attorneys.

The first formal complaint was filed against Manlove in June 2021 and was prompted in part by a letter by all seven of Laramie County’s judges expressing concern about her performance.

Among other things, she was accused of exaggerating budget pressures faced by her office to justify the dismissal of hundreds of cases in circuit and district court. She was also accused of misrepresenting the facts surrounding the case of a man accused of killing two people five days after being released from police custody because of a procedural error.

Manlove will be allowed an opportunity to respond to the report before it is submitted to the Wyoming Supreme Court for its decision.

In the months leading up to the hearing, Manlove alleged the disciplinary process was the result of a concerted attempt to remove her from office.

The BPR, however, rejected the argument said it showed a pattern on Manlove’s part to blame others for the problems in her office.

“The spectacle (Manlove) has turned this proceeding into, complete with talk radio interviews … and press releases, has created an unfortunate and unnecessary diversion from the issues before this panel,” the report said. “Simply put, it evidenced (Manlove’s) continued refusal to acknowledge and to take responsibility for her misconduct.”

The report also noted that under Wyoming law, it is doubtful Manlove could be removed from office, even if she were disbarred.

Manlove was elected in 2018 and took over the office on Jan. 8, 2019, when she fired all but one of the office’s seven lawyers. While five new lawyers were added to the staff by February of 2019, the report said the firings and later turnover continues to leave the office “chronically understaffed.”

The resulting dismissal of about 700 cases was the result of understaffing, the report said, not budget cuts.

“The panel finds that Ms. Manlove unnecessarily seized upon a 6% budget cut to prematurely and arbitrarily reduce the services performed by her office by more than 50%,” it said.

Manlove also did not accurately explain why she took certain actions, the report said.

“Ms. Manlove engaged in a pattern of neglect, thereby causing serious injury to the administration of criminal justice on Laramie County,” it said. “Ms. Manlove improperly withheld material information and submitted false reasons for declining to charge cases. 

“In this regard, Ms. Manlove intended to deceive the court, making numerous false statements, published numerous false documents, and caused injury to the administration of justice in Laramie County,” it added.

Full Article & Source:

Monday, February 14, 2022

Panel recommends DA Manlove be disbarred

Screenshot from a YouTube video uploaded to her campaign website, July 21, 2021.

By Hannah Black

CHEYENNE – A hearing panel convened by the Wyoming State Bar will recommend disbarment of Laramie County District Attorney Leigh Anne Manlove to the Wyoming Supreme Court.

The decision was read early Friday afternoon by hearing panel Chairman Christopher Hawks about two hours after he and the panel broke to deliberate.

Hawks, an attorney based in Jackson, was one of three panel members chosen from the Bar’s full Board of Professional Responsibility, the hearing body for attorney discipline in Wyoming.

“This panel finds the injury caused by (Manlove’s) conduct is serious,” Hawks said.

Following a seven-day hearing, the panel on Thursday found Manlove in violation of multiple rules of professional conduct that govern attorneys in the state. The violations included exaggerating the impact of budget restraints, failing to take prompt action to fill vacancies in her office, directing staff not to report overtime and filing improper motions to dismiss after judges warned her to stop.

Failure to file documents in a timely fashion in the Andrew Weaver case, which led to his release, and a “misleading” news release following the incident contributed to the panel’s findings. Within a few days of him leaving jail, Weaver had shot and killed two people, injuring two others.

Also noted was a repeated failure to access crime lab data in the case of an alleged child sex abuse victim, which was referred to the Wyoming Attorney General’s Office in January, and a failure to provide evidence in a 2019 case, resulting in the dismissal of a case against a man charged with multiple violent felonies.

The state Supreme Court will have the final say in any discipline.

Formal charges filed by the Office of Bar Counsel last year with the State Bar allege that Manlove mishandled the prosecution of cases in Laramie County and inappropriately dismissed certain cases, and that she created a hostile work environment for employees of the district attorney’s office.

“Until the Wyoming Supreme Court acts, Leigh Anne Manlove will continue to serve as the Laramie County district attorney, and she’s committed to serving the citizens of Laramie County as long as she remains in office,” said Stephen Melchior, Manlove’s attorney, following the announcement of the disbarment recommendation. “We live in a nation, fortunately, that is governed by the rule of law. She respects and honors that very foundational important principle and trusts the process.”

Manlove’s term will be up in January 2023, unless she is re-elected in November.

Special Bar Counsel Weston W. Reeves, who represented the Bar in the hearing, declined to comment.

Process could take months

If the Supreme Court decides to disbar or suspend Manlove from practicing law while she still holds the office of district attorney, “she would not be able to appear in court, argue cases, do anything that a lawyer does,” Bar Counsel Mark Gifford said in a Friday interview with the Wyoming Tribune Eagle.

The panel will now be responsible for writing a report and recommendation with its specific findings. This will likely be filed with the state Supreme Court within a couple of weeks, Gifford explained.

Manlove will have 30 days to respond with an objection. Reeves will then have 30 days from that filing to enter his response. The court may grant extensions to either party.

A decision by the state Supreme Court may take several months. The court could decide to set the case for oral arguments, Gifford said, which likely wouldn’t happen until fall.

The court took close to nine months to decide on a punishment for Becket Hinckley, a former Teton County prosecutor who was suspended from practicing law in Wyoming for three years. A State Bar hearing panel had recommended Hinckley be disbarred after it found he violated seven rules of professional conduct in a 2015 aggravated assault trial, according to reporting by the Casper Star-Tribune.

The Manlove hearing was just the second of its kind, following a rule change in September 2019 that required documents and information related to Bar disciplinary proceedings be available to the public. Hinckley’s May 2021 disciplinary hearing was the first conducted in public.

Gifford declined to comment on the outcome of the hearing or the hearing itself.

‘My remorse and my regret’

Manlove made a statement to the panel Friday before it broke to deliberate sanction recommendations. She thanked the panel for giving her the opportunity “to express my contrition and my remorse and my regret.”

When she was sworn into the Bar, she said, she took an oath that included the promise to “demean myself uprightly.”

“I think I’ve fallen short of that,” Manlove said.

She said she was “profoundly sorry” for words she used that were hurtful to others, and said she plans to apologize in person to the appropriate people.

Manlove said she appreciated that the panel “deliberated thoughtfully,” and expressed that she does not take her job or the cases she handles lightly.

Friday morning, Reeves and Melchior each had an hour to argue aggravated and mitigating factors before the panel broke to deliberate.

Before he announced the panel’s disbarment recommendation, Hawks listed the aggravating factors it found in the case, or things that increased the severity of the violations. These included Manlove having a “dishonest motive,” a pattern of misconduct, refusing to acknowledge the wrongfulness of her actions, having substantial experience in the practice of law, and the vulnerability of the victim, which Hawks said are the people of Laramie County.

Mitigating factors found by the panel included personal or emotional problems, the COVID-19 pandemic and the state budget crisis.

Full Article & Source:

Wednesday, January 12, 2022

Wyoming Supreme Court Upholds Dismissal In Disney Heir Lawsuit

By Jim Angell

A lawsuit filed by the grandson of Walt Disney over the disposition of land in Teton County should be decided in California, Wyoming’s Supreme Court has ruled.

The court on Wednesday turned down Brad Lund in his attempt to have a lawsuit over the sale of a plot of land known as Eagle South Fork Ranch near Wilson heard in Teton County.

Justices unanimously upheld a state district court’s ruling that justice would be better served if Lund’s challenge was heard in a California court rather than one in Wyoming.

“The district court did not abuse its discretion in concluding that the California court was an available and adequate alternate forum,” said the ruling written by Chief Justice Kate Fox.

The ruling is the latest in a long series of legal battles between Lund, his sister Michelle Lund and the trustees for both of the trusts maintained for the two.

Brad and Michelle Lund are the children of Sharon Disney-Lund, the daughter of Walt Disney.

Their father bought the 110-acre ranch and after their mother’s death, the ranch was placed in residuary trusts for the two children, with each trust owning 50% of the land.

According to the ruling, since 2009, Brad Lund and the trustees have been involved in a lawsuit in California probate court over numerous elements of the trust, including ways assets should be divided between the trusts of Brad and Michelle.

In 2019, trustees agreed to let Bradford buy his sister’s interest in the Eagle South Fork Ranch for $9.7 million rather than sell the land to an outside party.

In September 2020, the trustees announced they had received an offer of $35 million for the property, which they intended to accept. Michelle withdrew her consent to her brother’s purchase of the land.

Brad then filed a complaint against his sister and the trustees in state district court in Teton County, saying they breached the terms of an agreement for the purchase of the land.

The trustees and Michelle asked that the lawsuit be dismissed because all of the other legal actions surrounding the trusts were taking part in California.

The state district court granted the request and Brad challenged it to the Wyoming Supreme Court, saying the action involved a Wyoming property, so it made sense to hear the challenge in Wyoming.

But the Supreme Court which agreed it made more sense to pursue legal action in California because it was actually part of a larger probate case in that state.

“The California court has an extensive history with these parties and their trust disputes, and the district court reasonably concluded that the more efficient course was to have that court preside over this dispute as well,” the ruling said.

In addition, all of the parties, witnesses and evidence in the case are located outside of Wyoming, the ruling said.

Full Article & Source:
 
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